Ceramic Membrane Modification by Graft Polymerization

Yoram Cohen, Robert Castro and Harold Monbouquette

This research project focuses on the development of novel ceramic-supported polymer (CSP) membranes. The CSP membrane is a composite ceramic-supported polymeric membrane where the surface chemistry is imparted by a terminally anchored polymer surface layer. The synthesis of the silica-PVP membrane required careful control of the polymer surface graft yield and the length of the resulting terminally anchored surface chains. This is achieved by careful surface activation and control of the graft polymerization reaction. To date, a prototype CSP silica membrane based on highly hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was prepared. The silica-PVP membrane was evaluated for the treatment of an oil-in-water emulsion in a cross-flow filtration mode. In this system, the hydrophilic PVP brush layer expands due to the affinity of the polymer for water (i.e., it is completely water soluble) while preferentially allowing the passage of water over oil. The resulting membrane produced a permeate with a lower oil concentration relative to the unmodified membrane. At the same time, the flux decline, which was observed with the unmodified membrane, was significantly reduced with the silica-PVP membrane.

Reference:
Castro, R., H. Monbouquette, and Y. Cohen and R. Castro, "The Permeability of Surface Modified Porous Silica Membranes," Journal Membrane Science, 84, 151-160 (1993).